COMPUTING MACHINERY AND INTELLIGENCE
The traditional question arises from the age of Alan Turing, Can machines think ? Can they act on their own ? .The only thing differentiating humans and machines being their “intelligence”.“machines” and “thinking” are two different individual terms with elaborate definition for each of them.
Machine an apparatus with a definite function and together performing a particular task. Consider a human being working in a company performing a particular task with set of rules. He is bound to work within those rules and he cant deviate or take decisions leaving those boundaries. Does it make him a machine ?
A smartphone of today’s world can identify a person in a image. Advancements in image processing. Does this mean that a smartphone can think ? Does this actually make a smartphone human ?
So ? What exactly does these two terms means ? And how exactly todays AI is doing in terms of achieving the intelligence ?
How human brains work ? What makes humans humans ?
There is something more that makes human brain special, and one of them is freedom of will or the ability of the human brain to think freely. Whatever maybe the learning constraints, the human brain can process the information without any pre requisites.
Consider there is a situation that you are stuck in the forest. Alone. The only way to escape is to find a way out of the forest or to survive in the forest until the search party arrives. No human is ever teached to live in that kind of situation, but human brain is rather a interesting one. It applies its intuition and think on its own freely analysing the situation and takes decision correctly.
Modern day machines on the other hand depend upon the programming, the set of rules within which it works. If this do this else do the other thing. Even present day advanced Image Processing systems depends upon large training sets to identify a object or person correctly. The inability of the machines to take decisions beyond what it is trained to do actually makes the machine, a machine.
Further more, a machine hasn’t understood the term “feeling” or in other words a machine cant take a decision with “Consciousness”.
It doesn’t understands the happiness that a person experiences when he meets his best friend after a long time. It can never understand the sadness one experiences when you leave behind the person you love.
A machine can’t experience hunger, the pain , the happiness of eating stomach full when you are hungry. It cant experience the felling of raining or a hot summer or a cold winter.
Computing Machines have rather been the ones that depend upon the statistical analysis or mathematics rather than taking decision from their “inner feeling”.
These are some of the things that makes the computers a machine. So can machine think ?
What if our approach towards programming is wrong all together ? Human brain isn’t perfect when its created. It doesn’t have anything in it as a child. The human brain learns from others. It learns language, speech from its parents. It learns mathematics and science from schools. It learns its inner feelings from its past experiences. It the learning that makes the children the “adult”. The “adult” is the perfect computing machine that one can ever design.
A perfect thinking machine is a child at first. And its not easy to make it learn.Presumably the child brain is something like a notebook as one buys it from the stationer’s. Rather little mechanism, and lots of blank sheets.The program we write is the education process.
We cannot expect to find a good child machine at the first attempt. One must experiment with teaching one such machine and see how well it learns. One can then try another and see if it is better or worse. There is an obvious connection between this process and evolution, by the identifications Structure of the child machine = hereditary material
Changes of the child machine = mutation,
Natural selection = judgment of the experimenter
One day a perfect child machine would arise from the experiments. These child machine may one day make the machines actually think. We can only see a short distance ahead, but we can see plenty there that needs to be done. Then we can answer the question, if machines can actually think.